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Acids, Bases and Salts : CBSE Class 10 X Science (Chemistry)
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Acid-Base Indicator: Substances which indicate the presence of an acid or base in a solution.
Litmus solution – It is a natural indicator. It is a purple dye extracted from Lichens.
Other examples are Red Cabbage and colored petals of Petunia and turmeric.
Olfactory indicators: Show odor changes in acidic or basic media.
Dilute Acid: A dilute acid contains a small amount of acid (lower concentration of hydronium ions) and a large amount of water.
Concentrated Acid: A concentrated acid contains a large amount of acid (higher concentration of hydronium ions) and a small amount of water.
Properties of Acids:
– Produce hydrogen ions [H+] in H2O.
– Sour taste.
– Turn blue litmus red.
– Act as electrolytes in Solution.
– Neutralize solutions carrying hydroxide ions.
– React with several metals releasing Hydrogen gas.
– React with carbonates releasing CO2 (g)
– Destroy body tissues.
– corrode metal surface quickly.
Properties of Base:
– Produce hydroxide ions [OH] in H2O.
– Water soluble bases are called alkalis.
– Bitter Taste
– Turn Red Litmus blue.
– Act as electrolytes in Solution.
– Neutralize solutions containing H+ ions.
– Have a slippery, Soapy, feel.
– Dissolve fatty material.
All the above-mentioned topics are described in an interactive and efficient manner so that the students could easily understand them.
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