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Atoms and Molecules : CBSE Class 9 Science
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Hello students, here we are going to learn the topic as the atom and molecule from the class 9 chemistry.
Covalent Bond in Carbon
The atomic number of carbon is 6 and its electronic configuration is 2, 4. To attain a noble gas configuration it requires four more electrons in its valence shell.
It is difficult for an atom of carbon to either gain or loses electrons as it would be difficult to hold extra electrons and would require a large amount of energy to remove four electrons.
Carbon attains the noble gas configuration by sharing its valence electrons with other atoms. Such mutual sharing of electrons between atoms to attain a stable noble gas configuration is called Covalent bonding.
Atoms of other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine also show sharing of valence electrons.
Depending on the number of electron pairs shared, a covalent bond is of three types:
Single Covalent Bond: Single covalent bond is formed because of the sharing of two electrons, i.e. one pair. Example: Hydrogen, Chlorine, Methane.
Double covalent bond: Double bond is formed by sharing of four electrons, i.e two pairs of electrons. Example : Oxygen molecule, Carbon Dioxide molecule.
Triple Covalent Bond: Triple covalent bond is formed because of the sharing of six electrons, three pairs of electrons. Example : Nitrogen,C2H2
All the above-mentioned topics are described in an interactive and efficient manner so that the students could easily understand them.
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